Interval use cases.

Eleven scenarios where latest-state is not enough — where the shape of state over time (sources, keys, phases, thresholds, and known-at boundaries) is the evidence you actually need.

Monitoring and incident management

Which provider saw the outage, and when?

Track alert, unhealthy, degraded, or missing-signal windows from multiple providers. Compare overlap, provider-only residuals, missed windows, lead/lag, and open incidents at a live horizon.

IoT and industrial telemetry

When was a machine in a risky state?

Record over-temperature, vibration, stale sensor, calibration, or safety-interlock windows. Segment by site, unit, operating mode, or maintenance period without collapsing the original active ranges.

Weather and numeric thresholds

When did a reading stay inside or outside a range?

Treat numeric values as window predicates: temperature above 23.5 °C, humidity inside a comfort band, wind gusts over a limit, or pressure changes sustained past a tolerance.

Payments and fraud

What was knowable when a decision was made?

Compare risk flags, provider classifications, account states, or enrichment availability. Evaluate decision-point history without leaking future annotations into the analysis.

Logistics and shipment state

Where did status sources diverge?

Compare carrier, warehouse, customer-facing, and internal pipeline windows for delayed, held, missing-scan, exception, or delivered states. Roll leaf histories up to shipment, route, or depot views.

Distributed systems

Did a quorum observe the same state?

Collapse several member lanes into one cohort and compare against a primary lane. Useful for replication audits, quorum health, failover, leader elections, and cross-region state agreement.

Data pipelines

Which stage introduced lag, gaps, or divergence?

Treat pipeline stages as lanes. Compare when the upstream state was active against staging, enrichment, publication, and downstream observation windows.

Episode analytics · provider evaluation

Did both providers observe the same outages?

Stitch short reporting gaps within each provider, then classify shared, split, merged, complex, and unmatched outage occurrences. Keep exact comparison beside it to measure late starts, early recoveries, and inactive gaps.

Analyst question: Is disagreement caused by missed incidents, fragmented reporting, or timing coverage?

Episode analytics · detector evaluation

Does a detector find the reference occurrences?

Treat the labelled or reviewed side as an explicit reference and use AsReference() for recall and precision. Neutral target/against summaries remain available when neither side is authoritative.

Analyst question: Which reference episodes were unmatched, and which detector episodes had no reference relation?

Episode analytics · industrial operations

Was fragmented sensor evidence one downtime event?

Preserve every active sensor fragment while stitching brief telemetry gaps into an occurrence envelope. Compare machine, controller, and maintenance lanes without pretending the gaps were active time.

Analyst question: How many downtime occurrences happened, how long did they span, and how much active evidence supported them?

Episode analytics · recorded sessions

Which recorded activity windows belong to one session?

Apply an inactivity tolerance to already-recorded windows to form session-like episodes, retain their fragments, and compare session occurrence shapes across lanes or definitions.

Boundary: This analyzes recorded window history; it is not a general event-query or product-analytics session engine.